Python 3.13.6 (tags/v3.13.6:4e66535, Aug  6 2025, 14:36:00) [MSC v.1944 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32
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i = 10
i
10
type(i)
<class 'int'>
i.bit_count()
2
i.upper()
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#4>", line 1, in <module>
    i.upper()
AttributeError: 'int' object has no attribute 'upper'
id(i)
140718284174536
dir(i)
['__abs__', '__add__', '__and__', '__bool__', '__ceil__', '__class__', '__delattr__', '__dir__', '__divmod__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__float__', '__floor__', '__floordiv__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__getnewargs__', '__getstate__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__index__', '__init__', '__init_subclass__', '__int__', '__invert__', '__le__', '__lshift__', '__lt__', '__mod__', '__mul__', '__ne__', '__neg__', '__new__', '__or__', '__pos__', '__pow__', '__radd__', '__rand__', '__rdivmod__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__rfloordiv__', '__rlshift__', '__rmod__', '__rmul__', '__ror__', '__round__', '__rpow__', '__rrshift__', '__rshift__', '__rsub__', '__rtruediv__', '__rxor__', '__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__sub__', '__subclasshook__', '__truediv__', '__trunc__', '__xor__', 'as_integer_ratio', 'bit_count', 'bit_length', 'conjugate', 'denominator', 'from_bytes', 'imag', 'is_integer', 'numerator', 'real', 'to_bytes']
i = 99
id(i)
140718284177384
i =84730473590475903475043705734790473570347509
id(i)
2004248670832
import sys
sys.getsizeof(i)
44
i=847983479873
sys.getsizeof(i)
32
i =84375984378957349857984237598897598347857239845798234759834795823749857342985729384579823475983475983475983475983475893479857349857349857348957938247598347598342759834759834759834275983475983427598345793845897
i
84375984378957349857984237598897598347857239845798234759834795823749857342985729384579823475983475983475983475983475893479857349857349857348957938247598347598342759834759834759834275983475983427598345793845897
sys.getsizeof(i)
120
s = 'hello, world'
type(s)
<class 'str'>
dir(s)
['__add__', '__class__', '__contains__', '__delattr__', '__dir__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__getitem__', '__getnewargs__', '__getstate__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__init_subclass__', '__iter__', '__le__', '__len__', '__lt__', '__mod__', '__mul__', '__ne__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__rmod__', '__rmul__', '__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', 'capitalize', 'casefold', 'center', 'count', 'encode', 'endswith', 'expandtabs', 'find', 'format', 'format_map', 'index', 'isalnum', 'isalpha', 'isascii', 'isdecimal', 'isdigit', 'isidentifier', 'islower', 'isnumeric', 'isprintable', 'isspace', 'istitle', 'isupper', 'join', 'ljust', 'lower', 'lstrip', 'maketrans', 'partition', 'removeprefix', 'removesuffix', 'replace', 'rfind', 'rindex', 'rjust', 'rpartition', 'rsplit', 'rstrip', 'split', 'splitlines', 'startswith', 'strip', 'swapcase', 'title', 'translate', 'upper', 'zfill']
l = x.split()
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#21>", line 1, in <module>
    l = x.split()
NameError: name 'x' is not defined
l = s.split()
l
['hello,', 'world']
l = x.split('')
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#24>", line 1, in <module>
    l = x.split('')
NameError: name 'x' is not defined
l = s.split('')
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#25>", line 1, in <module>
    l = s.split('')
ValueError: empty separator
l = s.split('l')
l
['he', '', 'o, wor', 'd']
s
'hello, world'
list(s)
['h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', ',', ' ', 'w', 'o', 'r', 'l', 'd']
l1 = []
l1
[]
id(li)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#32>", line 1, in <module>
    id(li)
NameError: name 'li' is not defined. Did you mean: 'i'?
id(l1)
2004204828544
l2 = ['cat', 123, 'dog', 4560
      l2
      
SyntaxError: '[' was never closed
l2 = ['cat', 123, 'dog', 456]
      
l2
      
['cat', 123, 'dog', 456]
l3 = [1,2,1,2,'dog']
      
l3
      
[1, 2, 1, 2, 'dog']
l[0]
      
'he'
l3[0]
      
1
l3[1]
      
2
l3[4]
      
'dog'
s
      
'hello, world'
s[3]
      
'l'
s[7]
      
'w'
s[10]
      
'l'
s[12]
      
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#48>", line 1, in <module>
    s[12]
IndexError: string index out of range
mixed_set = {42, "Hello", 3.14, True, None}
      
print(mixed_set)
      
{None, True, 'Hello', 3.14, 42}
set1 = {1,2,1,2,'dog'}
      
set1
      
{1, 2, 'dog'}
set1[0]
      
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#53>", line 1, in <module>
    set1[0]
TypeError: 'set' object is not subscriptable
dir(set_1)
      
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#54>", line 1, in <module>
    dir(set_1)
NameError: name 'set_1' is not defined. Did you mean: 'set1'?
dir(set1)
      
['__and__', '__class__', '__class_getitem__', '__contains__', '__delattr__', '__dir__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__getstate__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__iand__', '__init__', '__init_subclass__', '__ior__', '__isub__', '__iter__', '__ixor__', '__le__', '__len__', '__lt__', '__ne__', '__new__', '__or__', '__rand__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__ror__', '__rsub__', '__rxor__', '__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__sub__', '__subclasshook__', '__xor__', 'add', 'clear', 'copy', 'difference', 'difference_update', 'discard', 'intersection', 'intersection_update', 'isdisjoint', 'issubset', 'issuperset', 'pop', 'remove', 'symmetric_difference', 'symmetric_difference_update', 'union', 'update']
set1.union({2,3})
      
{1, 2, 3, 'dog'}
country_capitals = {
    "Germany": "Berlin",
    "Canada": "Ottawa",
    "England": "London"
}
      
country_capitals
      
{'Germany': 'Berlin', 'Canada': 'Ottawa', 'England': 'London'}
print(f"The capital of Canada is {country_capitals['Canada']}")
      
The capital of Canada is Ottawa
print(f"The capital of Canada is country_capitals['Canada']: {country_capitals['Canada']}")
      
The capital of Canada is country_capitals['Canada']: Ottawa
dir(country_capitals)
...       
['__class__', '__class_getitem__', '__contains__', '__delattr__', '__delitem__', '__dir__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__getitem__', '__getstate__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__init_subclass__', '__ior__', '__iter__', '__le__', '__len__', '__lt__', '__ne__', '__new__', '__or__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__reversed__', '__ror__', '__setattr__', '__setitem__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', 'clear', 'copy', 'fromkeys', 'get', 'items', 'keys', 'pop', 'popitem', 'setdefault', 'update', 'values']
>>> country_capitals.__sizeof__
...       
<built-in method __sizeof__ of dict object at 0x000001D2A6887D00>
>>> country_capitals.size()
...       
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#63>", line 1, in <module>
    country_capitals.size()
AttributeError: 'dict' object has no attribute 'size'
>>> country_capitals.keys()
...       
dict_keys(['Germany', 'Canada', 'England'])
>>> country_capitals
...       
{'Germany': 'Berlin', 'Canada': 'Ottawa', 'England': 'London'}
>>> country_capitals.values()
...       
dict_values(['Berlin', 'Ottawa', 'London'])